Next js not reading env
How to configure Next.js environmental variables
In this post, you’ll learn how to manage environment variables in Next.js using files. We’ll cover public vs. private variables, environmental variables file hierarchy, runtime limitations, and best practices for secure configuration in development and production.
What are environmental variables in Next.js?
Environment variables in Next.js are runtime configuration values defined outside the source code and injected into the application during build or runtime. They are loaded from files or the system environment and accessed using .
Next.js supports multiple environment files: , , , , and . These files are evaluated based on the current environment mode (), and Next.js prioritizes for local overrides.
Next.js restricts which environment variables are exposed to the browser. Only variables prefixed with are embedded in the client-side bundle. Variables without this prefix remain server-only, accessible exclusively on the Node.js backend. This division allows sensitive data like database credentials to stay on the server, while public-facing configuration like feature flags or API base URLs can be exposed to the frontend saf
Nextjs not picking up env values
Component19551
I have a NextJS instance that expects the to be set in the environment prior to running. It is being set via Project settings. I can SSH into the container and verify this. I am also setting the variable inside file, but it isn’t being picked up anywhere.
Component19552
After explicitly providing the missing variable names as variables worked. I am relieved but also absolutely baffled.
Component19553
When I SSH into the container and manually start then unlock another terminal to SSH and start the Cypress tests. It fails with the same errors complaining that variables in aren’t being set.
Component19554
It seems like doesn’t work either.
But this is how I fixed my issue:
Ref: stackoverflow com/a/20909045
wyardley5
Is it possible that it needs to be vs ?
If you have it set in your project settings and can echo it out when you run a job via ssh, then you shouldn’t need to source the config.
Component19556
I tried both ways. It still failed.
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Next.js is a React framework that makes building fast, user-friendly websites easy. It uses server-side rendering to pre-render pages on the server, which makes them load faster for users. Environment variables are a way to store sensitive information, such as passwords or API keys, outside of your code. This makes it more secure, it is one of the tenants of the 12-factor app. In this post, you will learn how to properly use environment variables on both the server and client side of Next.js. Let’s get started!
Table of contents #
Popularity of Next.js #
Next.js is a fast, scalable, and easy-to-use React framework that can be used to build static, dynamic, and server-side rendered applications. It is popular for its static site generation, server-side rendering, routing, pre-rendering, and SEO features. Some of its competitors are Nuxt.js, Gatsby, and Remix.
Next.js is the most popular React.js meta framework if you look at the search trends on Google for the last 5 years.
Next, you will learn about environment variables and their use in web applications.
Environment variables #
Environment variables are a set of variables that are used to store information about the envir
How to use environment variables in Next.js
Next.js comes with built-in support for environment variables, which allows you to do the following:
Warning: The default template ensures all files are added to your . You almost never want to commit these files to your repository.
Loading Environment Variables
Next.js has built-in support for loading environment variables from files into .
This loads , , and into the Node.js environment automatically allowing you to use them in Next.js data fetching methods and API routes.
For example, using :
Loading Environment Variables with
If you need to load environment variables outside of the Next.js runtime, such as in a root config file for an ORM or test runner, you can use the package.
This package is used internally by Next.js to load environment variables from files.
To use it, install the package and use the function to load the environment variables:
Then, you can import the configuration where needed. For example:
You are reading environment variables the wrong way in Next.js
If you have ever written code that looks like this:
Then you are doing it wrong!
Here's why this is a bad idea.
In a scenario where you build the application without having set the environment variable the application will use instead.
Obviously is not the correct api key which will make any request using that URL fail.
The problem here is that when the error surfaces, the message will be very misleading and look something like this:
And this error will only show up when you try to use the url to fetch the blog posts.
If fetching the blog posts is an essential feature, the application should not have even compiled without the api key being available.
Naively expecting the environment variable to exist will hide the bug and make this problem a pain to debug due to the misleading error message.
To fix this issue we need two things.
- When a problem exists that causes the application to not function, the application needs to fail immediately and visibly.
- A meaningful abstraction to encapsulate the loading of environment variables.
How to load environment variables in Next.js
This works with any